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Summary: One of the most basic operations of an operating system is scheduling and control of processes or jobs (programs).
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An operating system treats programs as processes or jobs.
Most of the older mainframe and mainframe-derived operating systems have a facility to link together various modules to make an executable image (working object or machine code). This linking can be be done statically as part of the compilation process or can be done dynamically at the time the program is loaded into main memory (or even a combination of the two approaches).
A program must be loaded into main (or working) memory before it can run on a particular processor inside the computer. An important aspect of an operating system is scheduling which programs are loaded into main memory and ready for execution.
In CP/M (an early microcomputer OS), a small program called the Monitor is loaded into memory when the computer is started and remains in memory until the computer is shutdown. The Monitor will load a new program at the user’s request and run the program by using the call (jump to subroutine) instruction.
Any program that is loaded into memory can be run or executed. The operating system keeps track of which program is running, schedules each candidate program, and in a multiprocessing system will continually swap between programs to give the appearance that multiple programs are running simultaneously.
In CP/M (an early microcomputer OS), a small program called the Monitor is loaded into memory when the computer is started and remains in memory until the computer is shutdown. The Monitor will load a new program at the user’s request and run the program by using the call (jump to subroutine) instruction.
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Structured Computer Organization, 4th edition; by Andrew S. Tanenbaum; Prentice Hall; October 1998; ISBN 0130959901; Paperback; 669 pages; $95.00; used by CS 308-273A (Principles of Assembly Languages) at McGill University School of Computer Science
Computers: An Introduction to Hardware and Software Design; by Larry L. Wear, James R. Pinkert (Contributor), William G. Lane (Contributor); McGraw-Hill Higher Education; February 1991; ISBN 0070686742; Hardcover; 544 pages; $98.60; used by CS 308-273A (Principles of Assembly Languages) at McGill University School of Computer Science
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Hardware Level of Operating System
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Copyright © 2006 Milo
Last Updated: September 13, 2006
Created: September 13, 2006
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